Chayei Sarah: Preserve the Stem, the Rest Will Grow

This week’s Torah portion recounts the first courtship and marriage in the Torah—that of Isaac and Rebecca. The negotiations were conducted between Betuel, Rebecca’s father, and Eliezer, Abraham’s trusted servant. Only after the families reached an agreement did the couple meet.

A tragic event followed these negotiations: Betuel, Rebecca’s father, suddenly died in his sleep. Eliezer believed the deal was concluded and went to bed, expecting to depart the next morning with Rebecca. During the night, however, Betuel passed away.

How do we know this? The next morning, it was not Betuel but his son Laban who took charge, asking that Rebecca remain home for another year before joining Isaac. Eliezer refused, insisting on immediate departure. But where was Betuel? Our sages tell us he died suddenly that night.

According to tradition, Betuel’s death was not natural. He had planned to renege on the agreement while Eliezer slept. The Torah doesn’t specify how he intended to interfere, but before he could act, G-d took his life. His son Laban then tried to delay the marriage, but by that time Eliezer was awake and vigilant, ensuring the agreement stood.

This raises a question: Was Betuel’s plan to cancel a marriage so grave a sin that it warranted death? Could G-d not have prevented his interference in another way?

Moreover, Betuel’s son Laban, who replaced him, was a master deceiver—a constant thorn in Jacob’s side. Whatever Jacob sought to accomplish, Laban tried to obstruct. Jacob worked seven years to marry Rachel, only to have Laban switch brides at the last moment, forcing him to marry Leah. When Jacob complained, Laban offered Rachel as a second wife on the condition that Jacob work another seven years.

Later, when Jacob wished to leave, Laban persuaded him to stay on for six more years, promising wages that he repeatedly withheld. When Jacob finally prospered despite the deceit, Laban turned hostile. He chased Jacob down, claiming Jacob’s wives, children, and possessions as his own.

Betuel tried to stop one marriage and died for it. Laban spent a lifetime deceiving and obstructing and yet lived. Why?

Thought and Deed
A clue lies in the laws of the sacrificial offerings. Each offering had a specific time within which its meat had to be eaten. Any meat remaining afterward was burned. However, the offering itself remained valid even if leftovers were burned late.

If, however, the priest intended at the time of offering for the meat to be eaten after its deadline, the sacrifice was invalid—even if, in practice, it was consumed on time.

This is surprising. In Judaism, deeds usually outweigh thoughts. If I think of striking someone, it is wrong but not punishable unless I act on it. If I intend to hear the shofar but don’t, I haven’t fulfilled the mitzvah. Yet in this case, the opposite seems true: if one’s deed leaves meat beyond its time, the offering remains valid; if one’s thought does so, it becomes invalid.

Why?

The Whole versus the Parts
The distinction is not between thought and deed, but between the whole and the parts. If the offering is performed correctly overall—brought at the right time, with proper intention, and mostly eaten within its timeframe—it remains valid, even if one small detail is later missed.

But if from the outset the priest intends to perform part of it incorrectly, the entire sacrifice is tainted. The flaw lies not in one detail but in the offering’s very essence—the intent underlying the act. A misdeed affects only the specific part of the act it touches; a misguided intention affects the entire act.

Betuel and Laban
This explains the difference between Betuel and Laban. Betuel’s sin was one of intent—and a foundational one at that. He planned to stop the marriage between Isaac and Rebecca, effectively severing the tender stem from which the Jewish nation would grow. His timing made this an existential assault on the Jewish future. Like a priest intending to invalidate a sacrifice from its start, Betuel’s intent struck at the root.

Laban, on the other hand, was corrupt in deed but never threatened our essence. He interfered, deceived, and delayed, but he never severed our core. His actions hindered Jacob but did not derail G-d’s plan. In fact, his manipulations backfired: Jacob ended up with four wives from Laban’s own household and fathered thirteen children. Even Laban’s schemes to impoverish Jacob led instead to Jacob’s immense wealth.

The Haggadah says that “Laban sought to uproot all,” but his efforts remained attempts, not realities. He never developed or implemented a plan capable of destroying the Jewish people. Betuel, however, sought to uproot the nation at its inception. That intent struck the whole, not just the part—and for that reason, Betuel’s life ended, while Laban was permitted to continue.

The Lesson
The Torah teaches that every mitzvah is vital, yet all of Judaism rests upon a single stem—the foundation of emunah, faith in G-d and in the truth of the Torah. If that stem remains alive, everything else can grow from it.

A Jew who fails to wear tzitzit or keep Shabbat is spiritually diminished, but his other mitzvot still stand. Yet a Jew who observes every ritual but lacks faith is not living Judaism; he is merely practicing a lifestyle. Faith is not one mitzvah among many—it is the root from which all mitzvot draw their life.

Judaism begins with faith, but it doesn’t end there. Faith must inspire action. Believing that G-d gave the Torah means striving to live by it. Still, as long as faith remains intact, there is always hope for renewal. When the root lives, the branches can regrow.

So, the message of Chayei Sarah is timeless: Preserve the stem, the rest will grow. No matter how far we may stray, if our bond with G-d remains alive, our spiritual vitality can return. Faith is the key that unlocks all of Judaism—the source from which everything holy and enduring springs.[1]

[1] This essay is based on Likutei Amarim Chapter 33 elucidated by Toras Menachem 5746:1, p. 80; pp. 92–94.